The Iranian government has vehemently condemned a targeted military strike on its Shahid Khondab Heavy Water Complex, describing the destruction of the research facility as a direct assault on global scientific progress and civilian technological sovereignty.
The attack, which occurred during a wave of strikes by Israeli and U.S. forces late last month, has left the facility in Arak severely damaged. International monitoring groups and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) confirmed on 30 March that the plant, a cornerstone of Iran’s nuclear research sector, is no longer operational. The Israel Defence Forces (IDF) subsequently claimed responsibility for the strike, justifying the action by labelling the complex a critical component for potential plutonium production.
In a formal statement issued by the Atomic Energy Organisation of Iran (AEOI), officials argued that the facility was dedicated to the production of medical isotopes and peaceful research. The Iranian Foreign Ministry characterised the dismantling of such infrastructure as a violation of international norms that protect scientific institutions. Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi warned in a letter to the United Nations that targeting nuclear-adjacent sites risks "radioactive contamination" that could lead to a regional environmental catastrophe.
The strike on Khondab was part of a broader military campaign aimed at degrading Iran’s nuclear and ballistic capabilities. Other targeted sites include the Ardakan yellowcake production plant in Yazd and areas surrounding the Bushehr nuclear power plant. While Iranian authorities reported no immediate radiation leaks from the Arak site, the IAEA has expressed "deep concern" regarding the safety of such installations during active conflict.
IAEA Director-General Rafael Grossi reiterated that nuclear facilities must never be military targets, noting that even damage to auxiliary buildings can jeopardise vital safety equipment. As the conflict intensifies, the narrative from Tehran has shifted to frame the defence of these sites as a struggle for "scientific independence" against foreign intervention.